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Ka'ak in Egypt: Historical Roots and the Influence of Heritage on Geographic Identity

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  Ka'ak is not just a traditional dessert served during holidays; it is part of Egyptian heritage, reflecting a long history of social and cultural traditions. The emergence of ka'ak in Egypt is particularly linked to the Fatimid era, where it became a tradition associated with Eid al-Fitr celebrations. However, this tradition was not limited to Egypt; it spread to other countries, demonstrating how heritage shapes the identity of places and influences cultural practices across geographical borders. The History of the Emergence of Ka'ak in Egypt: The Fatimid Era The association of ka'ak with Eid al-Fitr in Egypt dates back to the Fatimid dynasty (969–1171 AD), when the Fatimid caliphs were keen to display extravagance and generosity on religious occasions. Ka'ak was made in large quantities and distributed to citizens in decorated trays, as a symbol of joy and blessings. History books such as "Al-Mawa'iz wa'l-I'tibar" by Al-Maqrizi mention that...

Smart Cities in the UAE: How are the Future of Innovation Shaped by Planning Rates and Distinctive Spatial Marketing?

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  The UAE is emerging as a global leader in smart cities, combining technological ambition and sustainable development within a bold vision for the future. The country relies on meticulous planning rates and advanced performance measurement standards to achieve leadership, while harnessing spatial marketing to enhance its global appeal. In this article, we explore how these elements shape the future of smart cities in the UAE, assessing the effectiveness of current spatial marketing and proposing visions for its development in line with its spatial identity. Planning Rates and Performance Standards Dubai is emerging as a shining star thanks to the "Smart Dubai" strategy, launched in 2014. Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) are used to measure energy efficiency, the speed of government services, and the level of citizen satisfaction. Artificial intelligence and Internet of Things (IoT) technologies enable real-time data analysis, enhancing intelligent transportation and traffic...